Application and Challenges of Remote Sensing Technology in Ecological Effect Assessment of Mining Area Reclamation

While promoting social and economic development, the development of mineral resources has also caused serious land damage and ecological degradation, making land reclamation and ecological restoration in mining areas a global issue. Accurate assessment of restoration effect is the key to measure the effectiveness of reclamation. However, the traditional ground survey method has high cost and low efficiency, and it is difficult to achieve large-scale dynamic monitoring. Remote sensing technology provides a revolutionary means for the evaluation of ecological effects of reclamation in mining areas by virtue of its macro, rapid and dynamic non-contact advantages. This paper systematically reviewed the application and effectiveness of remote sensing technology in vegetation restoration, soil quality, soil and water conservation and landscape pattern evolution, analyzed the current challenges in technical limitations, model uncertainty and data fusion complexity, and prospected the future development trend of quantification, intelligence and multi-platform collaboration, in order to provide theoretical reference for the deepening application of remote sensing technology in ecological restoration of mining areas.