Development of the EU Maritime Carbon Verification System under the Dual-Carbon Goals and Its Implications

Against the backdrop of accelerating global climate governance, the shipping industry is undergoing a rapid green transition, with carbon measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems emerging as critical enablers. This paper systematically reviews the development of the EU maritime carbon market verification system and its supporting technical framework, with a focus on its legislative foundation, implementation dynamics, and the key technical and institutional challenges it faces. Based on the EU’s experience, the paper proposes four recommendations for China: establishing a comprehensive ship carbon emissions verification system, enhancing metrological capabilities, promoting international standardization, and ensuring the quality of carbon data. The aim is to provide a reference for building a scientific, standardized, and internationally recognized maritime carbon measurement system in China.