Analysis of Tiktok Business Operation Model from the Perspective of a Multilateral Platform

With the development of Internet technology, multilateral platforms have become an important part of the modern economy. As a leading global short - video social platform, TikTok's unique business operation model holds significant research value within the framework of multilateral platform theory. This paper conducts an in - depth analysis of TikTok, an emerging social media platform, from the perspective of multilateral market theory. Based on network externalities and platform competition theory, it explores how TikTok utilizes direct and indirect network effects to construct its business model, optimize pricing strategies, and maintain a leading position in the highly competitive digital market. By constructing a theoretical model, this paper discusses TikTok's pricing strategies and value creation mechanisms among content creators, advertisers, and ordinary users, as well as how it promotes user growth and engagement through platform strategies. Through an analysis of TikTok's business model and market performance, this paper proposes sustainable development strategies for TikTok in the future.